Translation:
refroidissement du liquide = liquid cooling
surfusion = supercooling
solidification = solidification
refroidissement du solide = solid cooling
température = temperature
temps = time
A liquid below its melting point will crystallize in the presence of a seed crystal or nucleus around which a crystal structure can form. However, lacking any such nucleus, the liquid phase can be maintained all the way down to the temperature at which crystal homogeneous nucleation occurs. The homogeneous nucleation can occur above the glass transition where the system is an amorphous — that is, non-crystalline — solid.
This technique is also used for heat pad (containing sodium acetate (
, also used as food additive)). Since sodium acetate can be used to produce similar effect, we’ll attempt to create a similar product by mixing vinegar with baking soda.
Now, here’s the fun part:
The making of (sodium acetate)
Vinegar is acetic acid:
Baking soda is sodium bicarbonate:
Mixing the two is simply and acid base reaction.
That last product is carbonic acid which quickly decomposes into carbon dioxide and water:
The CO2 is what you see foaming and bubbling in this reaction.
To collect the
, heat the solution so the water can evaporate.
For more info about supercooling:
See it on
Wikipedia
See
small demos of what supercooled water looks like
http://polymer.bu.edu/hes/articles/ms98.pdf http://symp15.nist.gov/pdf/p697.pdf
.